Thismia
(Thismiaceae) for the Flora of Thailand
“Thai: Pitsawong ” I saw some of my friends alway excite to discover these amazing little plant for years. Once I have a macro lens,I started to join this fun and exciting activities with try to capture its beautiful and amazing images. I collected these beautiful images of thismia species from people who have previously encountered this plant in Thailand,I hope that one day I will have my own images of all of these plants.
Thismia is a genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in family Burmanniaceae, first described as a genus in 1845. It is native to East and Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and the Americas.
- Thismia abei Hatus. – Awa, Shikoku Island (Japan)
- Thismia alba Holttum – Southern Thailand, Pahang (Malaysia)
- Thismia americana N.Pfeiff. – Extinct. Formerly in Calumet Lake, Illinois (USA).
- Thismia angustimitra S.Chantanaorrapint – Thailand
- Thismia annamensis K.Larsen & Aver. – Vietnam
- Thismia arachnites Ridl. – West Malaysia
- Thismia aseroe Becc. – Perak (Malaysia), Singapore
- Thismia betung-kerihunensis Tsukaya & H.Okada – Kalimantan
- Thismia bifida M.Hotta – Sarawak (Malaysia)
- Thismia Brunneomitra Hroneš, Kobrlová & Dančák – Brunei
- Thismia brunonis Griff. – Burma
- † Thismia caudata Maas & H.Maas – Extinct, once in Brazil.
- Thismia chrysops Ridl – West Malaysia
- Thismia clandestina (Blume) Miq. – Java
- Thismia clavarioides KRThiele – New South Wales (Australia)
- Thismia coronata Dančák, Hroneš and Sochor – Sarawak (Malaysia)
- Thismia crocea (Becc.) JJSm. – West New Guinea (Indonesia)
- Thismia episcopalis (Becc.) JJSm. – Borneo
- Thismia espirito-santensis Brade – Espirito Santo State (Brazil)
- Thismia filiformis Chantanaorr. – Thailand
- Thismia fumida Ridl – Selangor (Malaysia), Singapore
- Thismia fungiformis (Taub. ex Warm.) Maas & H.Maas – Extinct, formerly in Brazil
- Thismia gardneriana Hook.f. ex Thwaites – Sri Lanka
- Thismia glaziovii Poulsen – Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
- Thismia goodii Kiew – Sabah (Malaysia)
- Thismia grandiflora Ridl. – Johor (Malaysia)
- Thismia hexagona Dančák, Hroneš, Kobrlová & Sochor, 2013 – Brunei
- Thismia hongkongensis S.S.Mar & RMKSaunders – Hong Kong
- Thismia huangii P.Y.Jiang & THHsieh – Taiwan
- Thismia hyalina (Miers) Benth. & Hook.f. ex F.Muell. – Peru, Brazil
- Thismia iguassuensis (Miers) Warm. – Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
- Thismia is inconspicuous. Sochor & Dančák, – Brunei
- Thismia janeirensis Warm – Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais (Brazil)
- Thismia javanica J.J. Sm. – Thailand, Vietnam, Java, Sumatra (Indonesia)
- Thismia jianfenglingensis – Hainan Province , China
- Thismia kobensis – Japan (unrecognized until 2021; first and only type specimen found in 1992, declared extinct in 2010, not added to the genus until 2018, then rediscovered in 2021 with 20 specimens found in a pine plantation ) – Japan
- Thismia labiata J.J.Sm. – Sumatra (Indonesia)
- Thismia lauriana Jarvie – Kalimantan (Indonesia)
- Thismia luetzelburgii Goebel & Suess. – Costa Rica, Panama, Espirito Santo (Brazil)
- Thismia macahensis (Miers) F.Muell. – Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
- Thismia megalongensis C.Hunt, G.Steenbeeke & V.Merckx – New South Wales (Australia)
- Thismia melanomitra & H.Maas – Ecuador
- Thismia mirabilis K. Larsen – Thailand
- Thismia mullerensis Tsukaya & H.Okada – Kalimantan
- Thismia neptunis Becc. – Sarawak (Malaysia)
- Thismia nigricoronata Kumar & SWGale – Laos
- Thismia ophiuris Becc. – Borneo
- Thismia ornata Dančák, Hroneš and Sochor – Sarawak (Malaysia)
- Thismia panamensis (Standl.) Jonker – from Costa Rica to Bolivia.
- Thismia racemosa Ridl. – Pahang (Malaysia)
- Thismia rodwayi F.Muell. – Fairy Lanterns – New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria (Australia), North Island (New Zealand)
- Thismia saulensis [ 19 ] – French Guiana (France)
- Thismia singeri (from the Sota) Maas & H.Maas – Beni (Bolivia)
- Thismia sitimeriamiae Siti-Munirah, Dome & Thorogood, sp. nov. – Malaysia
- Thismia taiwanensis [ 21 ] – Kaohsiung (Taiwan)
- Thismia tentaculata K.Larsen & Aver. – Hong Kong , Vietnam
- Thismia thaithongiana Chantanaorr. & Suddee, 2018 – Thailand
- Thismia tuberculata Hatus. – Kyushu Island (Japan)
- Thismia yorkensis Cribb [ 9 ] – Northern Queensland (Australia)
Records of fairy lanterns
There are 21 species of
thismia reported in Thailand. and totaly 30 species if include un official items
1. Thismia alba Holttum ex Jonker white wonder พิศวงขาว
2. Thismia angustimitra Chantanaorr. The wonder of the cow mountain.พิศวงภูวัว
3. Thismia arachnites Ridl. Spider mystery พิศวงแมงมุม
4. Thismia bokorensis Suetsugu & Tsukaya, mystical topaz พิศวงบุษราคัม
5. Thismia brunneomitroides Suetsugu & Tsukaya, the mysterious city of Qing พิศวงกรุงชิง
6. Thismia claviformis Chantanaorr. & JSWei
7. Thismia clavigeroides Chantanaorr. & Seelanan, the mysterious Khao Lak พิศวงเขาหลัก
8. New species of Thismia cristata
9. New type of Thismia expansa
10. Thismia filiformis Chantanaorr.Phisawongkatoi พิศวงกะตอย
11. Thismia gardneriana Hook.f. ex ThwaitesRed Wonder พิศวงหนวดแดง
12. Thismia javanica JJSm. Javan wonder พิศวงชวา
13. New species of Thismia lacerata
14. Thismia mirabilis K.Larsen, the wonder of Khao Yai พิศวงเขาใหญ่
15. Thismia nigricans Chantanaorr. & Sridith black wonder พิศวงดอกสีดำ
16. Thismia obtusa 😊 T. cladestiana) new species, previously identified incorrectly.
17. Thismia sridithiana, a new species
18. Thismia submucronata Chantanaorr., Tetsana & TripetchThe Devil's Eyeพิศวงตาปีศาจ
19. Thismia cf. sumatrana 😊 T. clavigera (Becc.) F.Muell.) Tarutao ( originally identified incorrectly) พิศวงตะรุเตา
20. Thismia thaithongiana Chantanaorr. & Suddee Thai Thong (Owl Eye)พิศวงตานกฮูก พืศวงไทรทอง
21. Thismia viridistriata Sochor, Hroneš & Dančák
1. Thismia alba,
Holttum ex Jonker พิศวงขาว
White magic has a distribution area only in the Malay Peninsula. In Thailand, it is found in Songkhla and Narathiwat, scattered sparsely in low-level rainforests.
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| Found at Yhong Waterfall, Nakhon Si Thammarat, in October 2024. |
จาก ทะเลบัน
2. Thismia angustimitra chantanaorr พิศวงภูวัว
A new species of the genus Thismia (Thismiaceae) from northeastern Thailand.
Distribution — Known only from the type locality in Phu Wau Wildlife Sanctuary,Nong Khai Province, Thailand.
ส่วนระยะการกระจายพันธุ์เนื่องจากจังหวัดหนองคายมีพรมแดนติดกับ สปป. ลาว คาดว่าพันธุ์ใหม่ก็อาจจะเกิดใน สปป. ลาว เช่นกัน
Phu Langka National Park
Phu Langka National Reserved Forest which was issued under the National Reserved Forest Act, 1964. The area is approximately 44,031 rai (70.4496 square kilometers) but has been encroached and the remaining area is approximately 31,250 rai, or about 50 square kilometers. Within the remaining, there are fertile forest conditions,a source of the watershed, many kinds of wild animals, beautiful natural attractions, biodiversity and environment diversity. The territory on the north bordering with Sai Creek and San Creek which are in the areas of Dong Bang and Pho Mak Khaeng Sub-district. Bueng Khong Long District, Nong Khai Province. The south borders with the wagon way paved by cows and buffalos, and farming areas of people which are part of Phon Thong and Nong Son Sub-district, Ban Phaeng and Na Thom District, Nakhon Phanom Province. The east borders with farming areas of people, which are part of Na Ngua and Phai Lom Sub-district, Ban Phaeng District, Nakhon Phanom Province. The west borders with the people's farming land, which are part of Pho Mak Khaeng Sub-district, Bueng Khong Long District, Nong Khai Province.
Thismia angustimitra (Thismiaceae), a new species from Thailand
Thismia angustimitra S.Chantanaorrapint, spec. nov. — Fig. 1
Species nova ab affini Thismia mirabilis K.Larsen laminae in mitram angustis et anulo curvatum bene differt. — Typus: Chantanaorrapint 765 (holo PSU!; iso BKF!, L! in glycerine-alcohol), Thailand, Nong Khai Province, Phu Wau Wildlife Sanctuary, c. 200 m alt., 18°09'53"N, 103°59'03"E, 13 September 2004.
Plant terrestrial, achlorophyllous, mycotrophic. Root creeping, vermiform, branched, brownish white tip. Stem erect, simple, to 10 cm tall (including flowers), bearing 1– 3 flowers. Leaves scale-like, appressed lanceolate, 3 – 6 mm long, translucent, apex acute. Involucral bracts 3, white, similar to upper leaves. Flower c. 10 mm long, perianth of 6 tepals, fused to form an obovate-elliptic chamber, lacking transverse bars inside; outer tepals 3, white, c. 2 by 4 mm, apex spreading, rounded or mucronate, margin crenate; inner tepals 3, purple to brownish, mitriform with three lateral apertures, aperture 3.5 – 4.5 mm diam., top of mitre with three fovea; annulus incurved; stamens 6, connate to form a tube around the style, pendulous from the annulus, hairy, connective broad with a quadrangular wing; anthers oblong, adaxial on the basal part of the sta- men; nectariferous gland present towards the apex on the line of fusion between each connective; stigma very short, globose, 3-lobed, papillose. Fruit fleshy, cup-shaped, c. 5 mm long; fruit stalk thickened and lengthened after flowering to 12 mm above the bracts. Seed not found.
Distribution — Known only from the type locality in Phu Wau Wildlife Sanctuary, Nong Khai Province, Thailand.
Ecology & Phenology — Thismia angustimitra was collected on sandy soil covered by leaf litters at the edge of a mountain in bamboo forest. Elevation 200 m. Flowering and fruiting in the rainy season.
Etymology — The specific name refers to the narrow mitre.
Notes — Thismia angustimitra is closely related to T. mirabilis, a species described from Khao Yai National Park and Ko Chang Island, Thailand, which also has three fovea at the top of the mitre, and has vermiform roots. However, T. angustimitra has a much narrower mitre with curved annulus, whilst T. mirabilis has a broad mitre and erect annulus.
Within the treatment of Jonker (1938), T. mirabilis and T. angustimitra appeared to resemble the species in sect. Sarcosiphon, especially T. crocea (Becc.) J.J.Sm., T. clandestina (Blume) Miq. and T. episcopalism (Becc.) J.J.Sm., as they have in com- mon reduced outer perianth lobes and their inner ones are connate to an erect mitre with three holes. However, the former differ from the latter in having vermiform roots, as the species in sect. Sarcosiphon have a coralloid root system.
Concerning the distribution range, as Nong Khai Province has a common border with Laos PDR, it is expected that the new species might occur in Laos PDR as well.
@Three Whale Rocks
The wonders of nature in Bueng Kan Province. Three Whales Rock is one of the most notable naturally occurring physical features of this region, and is gaining a lot of popularity among tourists to the extent that it is almost a symbol of tourism in Bueng Kan Province.
Three Whales Rock is located in Phu Sing, Khok Kong Subdistrict, Mueang District, Bueng Kan. It’s about 24 kilometers from the city, and has an area of approximately 12,000 rai. Phu Sing forest is a mix of deciduous, dry evergreen, dipterocarp and hill evergreen forest. Phu Sing is full of groups of rocks of various shapes, as well as cliffs and caves scattered throughout the area, creating a beauty that is very inviting to tourists. The Three Whales Rocks are estimated to be over 75 million years old. In the Phu Sing forest, there are wild elephants roaming, therefore there are warning signs on the way to be careful of elephants along the way.
หินสามวาฬ บึงกาฬ 14/08/25
3.Thismia arahnites
Ridl. Spider mystery พิศวงแมงมุม
First published in Pap. & Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasmania 1890: 235 (1891)
พืชอาศัยรา (Myco-heterotrophs) ที่มีขนาดเล็กอีกชนิดหนึ่งที่พบได้ยาก และพบได้ในบางพื้นที่ เมื่อเรื่มเข้าสู่ฤดูฝน หากได้เดินไปบริเวณเส้นทางศึกษาธรรมชาติและสังเกตุดูบริเวณพื้นที่ที่มีการทับถมของซากใบไม้ผุมากๆ ก็อาจจะได้พบกับพืชชนิดนี้ได้ สำหรับ "อุทยานแห่งชาติเขาคิชฌกูฏ" สามารถพบพืชอาศัยราชนิดนี้ได้เมื่อเริ่มเข้าสู่ฤดูฝน บริเวณริมน้ำตกกระทิงและทางเดินศึกษาธรรมชาติ หากผู้ที่มีความสนใจสังเกตุตามบริเวณดังกล่าว ก็อาจพบเห็นความสวยงามของพืชชนิดนี้ได้
จากการบอกเล่าของหัวหน้าอุทยาน เขาคิชฌกูฏ แจ้งว่าต้องเดินเทรลใช้เวลาครึ่งวันแต่แนะนำว่าที่หน่วยน้ำตกคลองไพบูลย์หาง่ายกว่า และติดต่อทางหน่วยให้เตรียมเจ้าหน้าที่พาไปสำรวจตรงจุดที่เคยเจอเมื่อปีก่อน ขอชมเจ้าหน้าที่ทั้งหัวหน้าและระดับปฏบัติการที่นี่น่ารักมากๆใส่ใจบริการเป็นอย่างดี เราขับรถไปถึงหน่วยใช้เวลาไม่ถึงครึ่งชั่วโมงมีเจ้าหน้าที่รอบรับและพาเดินขึ้นเทรลไปประมาณ1กม. พื้นที่เป็นป่าไผ่ไม่ทึบมากHabitat โอเค แต่ปรากฏว่าปีนี้ยังไม่มี เจ้าหน้าที่บอกอาจต้องรอให้ฝนน้อยนงและดินอบอุ่นกว่านี้ เราเลยจำเป็นต้องไปต่อที่หมายที่ตั้งใจไว้ว่าจะไปตั้งแต่ทีแรกแต่จะต้องขับรถไกลออกไปอีกหน่อย เป้าหมายคือ อุทยานฯเขา15ชั้น ที่บรรยากาสหลังฝนสวยงามเหมือนหน้าหนาว
Khao Sip Ha Chan National Park
ที่นี่จุดที่พิศวงขึ้น อยู่ใกล้ถนนมาก และก็เช่นเดียวกันมีเจ้าหน้าที่พาไปชม เดินชี้ชวนที่มีพิศวงขึ้นมีหลายจุดกระจายกินพื้นที่กว้าง ดีเยี่ยมเลย
Thismia arachnites Ridl., previously known only from Perak, Malaysia, is newly reported in tropical lowland forest in south-eastern and peninsular Thailand.
Phenology Distribution:-Vietnam: Quang Tri Province (Bac Huong Hoa Nature Reserve), Khanh Hoa Province (Hon Ba Nature Reserve); Thailand: Kanchanaburi Province (Sai Yok), Ranong Province (Khlong Na Kha); Malaysia (Terengganu); Indonesia (Sumatra, Java). Additionally, specimens from Chantaburi Province (Krathing waterfall and Khao Chamao National Park) and Satun Province (Thale Ban and Tarutao National Parks) of Thailand assigned to Thismia arachnites by Chantanaorrapint (2018)most likely belong to this species. A single specimen of T. javanica from Myanmar cited by Shepeleva et al. (2020) probably belongs to this species, but its identification is to be verified by careful morphological investigation. ...
Notes:-1. Chantanaorrapint (2018) identified several specimens of Thismia collected in Eastern and Peninsular Thailand as T. arachnites, a species that has been known for a long time only from a type collection made in Peninsular Malaysia. As Chantanaorrapint (2018) noted, the Thai specimens differ from the protologue of T. arachnites as well as from Ridley's illustration selected as a lectotype in the structure of stamen apex. ...
อช.เขาสิบห้าชั้น จันทบุรี
4.Thismia clavigera
The Burmanniaceous saprophyte originallydescribed as Geomitra clavigera Becc., and known only fromthetypecollectionmadeinSarawakin1865,wasrediscoveredinPulauLangkawi,Kedah, Malaysia, in November 1979. This second collection appears to match the originalin all importantrespects, and permitsa fuller descriptionofthe undergroundparts and seeds,and allows a fuller account of the staminal ring structure. A review of the generic characters indicates that the genus Geomitra should, however, be subsumed within Thismia Griff., and the species therefore is to be called Thismia clavigera(Becc.)F.v.M.Anotherrecent,third,collectionofthisspecies,fromNorthSumatra,is discussed in an addendum.
5.Thismia bokorensis
พิศวง บุษราคัม
• The first record as A New Species (Burmanniaceae) representing A New Generic Record for Cambodia[Flora of Bokor National Park VII]
Thismia bokorensis. A. Flowering plant. B. Longitudinal section of flower. C. Flower, upper view. D. Stamen with apical lobes, inner view. E. Stamen with lateral appendage, glands and thecae, outer view. F. Style and stigma, upper view (above) and lateral view (below). G. Immature fruit. Materials from Tagane et al. 5857 (TNS). Drawn by Kumi Hamasaki. Bars = 10 mm (A), 5 mm (B-C),
พิศวงบุษราคัม จัดเป็นพรรณไม้หายากจากป่าตะวันออกอีกชนิดหนึ่ง เป็นพืชล้มลุกอาศัยราขนาดเล็กไม่มีคลอโรฟิลด์ จึงไม่สามารถสังเคราะห์ด้วยแสงเหมือนพืชสีเขียวชนิดอื่นๆได้ มีใบที่ลดรูปเป็นเกล็ดสีขาวเล็กๆ พืชชนิดนี้มีการค้นพบครั้งแรกที่ อุทยานแห่งชาติโบเกอร์ จังหวัดกำพต ประเทศกัมพูชา โดยนักวิจัยชาวญี่ปุ่น และในประเทศไทยมีรายงานการค้นพบในพื้นที่ป่าตะวันออก บริเวณพื้นที่เขตรักษาพันธุ์สัตว์ป่าเขาสอยดาว และในพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติเขาคิชฌกูฏ ในปัจจุบันจากการศึกษาข้อมูลต่างๆ และจากการสอบถามนักท่องเที่ยวที่นิยมท่องเที่ยวถ่ายรูปตามพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติต่างๆ ในประเทศไทยได้ข้อมูลว่า พบได้ที่อุทยานแห่งชาติเขาคิชฌกูฏเท่านั้น
Krathing Waterfall is a stunning natural attraction situated in a national park, renowned for its captivating vertical landscape and serene ambiance. With a total of 13 distinct levels, this impressive waterfall showcases an array of breathtaking sights as visitors ascend, with the 8th and 9th tiers particularly highlighted for their beauty and panoramic views. The clear, flowing waters invite swimmers to enjoy refreshing dips in natural pools, with the third level offering easy access and less vigorous currents, perfect for relaxation. Tall trees and verdant foliage envelop the park, adding to the lush atmosphere and keeping the area cool, particularly during visits between mid-October and mid-February. Adventurous trails wind through the dense greenery, leading explorers past moss-covered rocks and delicate ferns, promising peaceful moments away from bustling life. Visitor amenities, such as convenient parking and well-maintained paths, enhance the overall experience, allowing for enjoyable outings. With a relatively short drive from Bangkok, reaching this spectacular destination is seamless. The tranquil environment, coupled with stunning natural wonders, positions Krathing Waterfall as a must-visit destination for nature lovers and adventure enthusiasts alike. The highlight of any visit includes capturing unforgettable photographs against the stunning backdrop of the waterfall and surrounding foliage, ensuring cherished memories for all who journey there.
อ.วัลลา น้ำตกกระทิง อช.เขาคิชกูฏ 12 กค.25
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| อ.วัลลา น้ำตกกระทิง อช.เขาคิชกูฏ 12 กค.25 |
6.Thismia brunneomitroides
พิศวงกรุงชิง, another new species of Thismia(Thismiaceae) from Ulu Krungching , Nakornsithammarat
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| Thismia brunneomitra |
Abstract A new species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from northwest Borneo is described and illustrated. Thismia brunneomitrawas discovered in 2015 in lowland mixed dipterocarp forest in the Ulu Temburong National Park, Temburong district of Brunei Darussalam. The new species is characterized by brown to blackish flowers with twelve darker vertical stripes on the perianth tube, inner tepal lobes that are connate to form a mitre with three very short processes at the apex, three-toothed apical margin of the connective and large wing-like appendage of the connective. An updated determination key of Thismiaspecies found in Borneo is included.
Krung Ching Waterfall is part of Khao Luang National Park which rises to a height of 1780 metres and covers an area of more than 570 square kilometres, but it is the lowland forest protected at the Krung Ching substation that remains the haunt of many birds that are extremely scarce in Thailand due to habitat loss. The waterfall appeared on the back of an old thousand baht note, making it famous, and this means that there is access to it through several kilometres of extremely beautiful, moist lowland forest, although the trail is more than a little tricky to negotiate for those with any mobility issues.
Krung Ching waterfall headquarters is one of the easiest to access, high-quality areas of extensive forest to visit in southern Thailand with an access road, campsite and trail leading visitors through several kilometres of wonderful tropical forest. Although the waterfall itself is quite powerful it is a fair hike though the hot, humid forest and this is a location for the determined birder, not a good location for traveling with a non-birder or for casual birding.
There are a large number of really exciting birds to be seen here but few of them give themselves up easily and birding is frequently difficult here but rewarding for those with patience.
Thismia brunneomitroides (Thismiaceae), a new mycoheterotrophic species from southern Thailand
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รายงานพบที่ประเทศไทย ที่น้ำตกกรุงชิง จะสีไม่ดำเหมือนที่บรูไน และยังไม่มีชื่อ
7.Thismia claviformis
(Thismiaceae), a new species from the Thai-Malay Peninsula
Thismia claviformis Chantanaorr. & J. Wai, is described and illustrated as a new species from the Thai-Malay Peninsula. The new species is characterized by 1) vermiform underground parts, 2) equal perianth lobes with slender claviform appendages, 3) a perianth tube without transverse bars inside, and 4) the apex of stamen bearing two triangular lobes. The new species can be confused with T. alba, the common species from Southern Thailand and the Peninsular
อช.เขาน้ำค้าง 03/08/25
Khao Nam Khang National Park
The area of Khao Nam Khang National Park covers the area of Na Thawee District and Sadao District in Songkhla Province. The forest and natural resources are abundant. There are a lot of beautiful attractions including many waterfalls. It is also the historical area as it was the location to battle with Chinese communist thieves. There are evidences for studying historical places and objects of the long battle. According to the tale, Khao Nam Khang is the high mountain and the weather here is cold throughout the year. In the past, local people that had been to the peak of this mountain saw flakes of dew on the grass. The pattern of the flakes was similar to the spider's web. The dew was still on the grass at noon. This is different condition from other mountains. Therefore, this mountain is called "Khao Nam Khang", meaning "the dew mountain". This mountain faces a long period of heavy rain and monsoon throughout the year. The rainy season is from May to January and the summer time is from February to April. The wildlife discovered here are wild boars, bears, antelopes, mountain goats, short-tailed monkeys, gibbons, tapirs, black tigers, chevrotains, palm civets, turtles, iguanas, hornbills,great arguses, pheasants, partridges, peacocks, hill mynas, and magpies. Travelling by car The first route: From Muang District of Songkhla Province, use Songkhla-Na Thawee Road to PhaChing Intersection in Jana District. The distance is about 35 kilometers. Then turn right to Jana District and then Na Thawee District for 24 kilometers. From Na Thawee, you will pass Baan SatornTrijunction and Baan Na Prang and then arrive at Khao Nam Khang National Park for 27 kilometers. The total area is 86 kilometers. The second route: From Hat Yai to KlongWah Intersection on Hat Yai-Sadao Road. It is 57 kilometers to Sadao District. Then you will pass Baan Muang, Baan KohMee, and SamnakTaew Sub-District and then arrive at Khao Nam Khang National Parkfor 27 kilometers. The total distance is 84 kilometers. Admission fee is 100 bath for adults and 50 bath for children.
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| อช.เขาน้ำค้าง 03/08/25 |
The area of Khao Nam Khang National Park covers the area of Na Thawee District and Sadao District in Songkhla Province. The forest and natural resources are abundant. There are a lot of beautiful attractions including many waterfalls. It is also the historical area as it was the location to battle with Chinese communist thieves. There are evidences for studying historical places and objects of the long battle. According to the tale, Khao Nam Khang is the high mountain and the weather here is cold throughout the year. In the past, local people that had been to the peak of this mountain saw flakes of dew on the grass. The pattern of the flakes was similar to the spider's web. The dew was still on the grass at noon. This is different condition from other mountains. Therefore, this mountain is called "Khao Nam Khang", meaning "the dew mountain". This mountain faces a long period of heavy rain and monsoon throughout the year. The rainy season is from May to January and the summer time is from February to April. The wildlife discovered here are wild boars, bears, antelopes, mountain goats, short-tailed monkeys, gibbons, tapirs, black tigers, chevrotains, palm civets, turtles, iguanas, hornbills,great arguses, pheasants, partridges, peacocks, hill mynas, and magpies. Travelling by car The first route: From Muang District of Songkhla Province, use Songkhla-Na Thawee Road to PhaChing Intersection in Jana District. The distance is about 35 kilometers. Then turn right to Jana District and then Na Thawee District for 24 kilometers. From Na Thawee, you will pass Baan SatornTrijunction and Baan Na Prang and then arrive at Khao Nam Khang National Park for 27 kilometers. The total area is 86 kilometers. The second route: From Hat Yai to KlongWah Intersection on Hat Yai-Sadao Road. It is 57 kilometers to Sadao District. Then you will pass Baan Muang, Baan KohMee, and SamnakTaew Sub-District and then arrive at Khao Nam Khang National Parkfor 27 kilometers. The total distance is 84 kilometers. Admission fee is 100 bath for adults and 50 bath for children.8. Thismia clavigeroides
(Thismiaceae) พิศวงเขาหลัก • A New Mycoheterotrophic Species from Thailand
Abstract Thismia clavigeroides is described and illustrated as a new species from southern Thailand. The new species is characterized by coralliform roots, whitish-gray flowers, reflexed outer perianth lobes, inner perianth lobes forming a mitre with three slender claviform appendages, inner surface of floral tube possessing transverse bars, and the apex of stamen bearing three triangular lobes. A taxonomic description, illustrations of the new species, and a comparison with the related species are presented.
ภาพ หมอต้อ อช เขาหลัก-ลำลู่ 11/08/25
Khao Lak-Lam Ru National ParkLocated around 80 km north from Central Phuket, Khao Lak Lam Ru National Park is a small park covering an area of 125 km² in Kapong, Mueang Phang Nga, Takua Pa and Thai Mueang districts of Phang-Nga Province. While only less than a couple of km2 of the park is along the coast to the Andaman Sea, the park accompasses mainly tropical evergreen montane forests with highest peak at 1,077 meters asl a bit further inland.
The park is popular for a couple of small beaches near the park headquarters and Ton Chong Fa Waterfall which is only 12 km from the park headquarters. There are also several trails in the park for longer hiking that require guide assistance.
The Indian Ocean tsunami that hit the coastline of Thailand in December 2004 caused 4,000 deaths at Khao Lak area which was the worst affected area in Thailand. The coastal areas of the park were also badly affected by the tsunami.
อช.เขาหลัก-ลำรู่
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| ภาพ หมอต้อ อช เขาหลัก-ลำลู่ 11/08/25 Khao Lak-Lam Ru National Park Located around 80 km north from Central Phuket, Khao Lak Lam Ru National Park is a small park covering an area of 125 km² in Kapong, Mueang Phang Nga, Takua Pa and Thai Mueang districts of Phang-Nga Province. While only less than a couple of km2 of the park is along the coast to the Andaman Sea, the park accompasses mainly tropical evergreen montane forests with highest peak at 1,077 meters asl a bit further inland. The park is popular for a couple of small beaches near the park headquarters and Ton Chong Fa Waterfall which is only 12 km from the park headquarters. There are also several trails in the park for longer hiking that require guide assistance. The Indian Ocean tsunami that hit the coastline of Thailand in December 2004 caused 4,000 deaths at Khao Lak area which was the worst affected area in Thailand. The coastal areas of the park were also badly affected by the tsunami. |
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| อช.เขาหลัก-ลำรู่ |
Ton Chong Fa Waterfall
Due to being very near Khao Lak, it is the most popular waterfall in the park. It is only 6 km from Highway 4 (Phet Kasem Road), 10 km from Khao Lak Village and 12 km from the national park visitor center. The falls have 5 tiers of which few are very small, the main fall is a 10 meter high drop. The first kilometer of the walk after the checkpoint is on a narrow dirt road which later continues as a clear forest trail for less than a kilometer.
9.Thismia cristata
10.Thismia expansa
11.Thismia filiformis Chantanaorr
Thismia filiformis, a new species of Thismiaceae (formerly Burmanniaceae) from Thailand
พิศวงกะตอย
Get to Pak Chong or North Khao Yai
The main entry point to the park is in Pak Chong District, this is the area where most of the hotels are located right north of the entrance. In good traffic it takes around 2.5 hours to get to Khao Yai entrance area.
It is possible to get to certain spots north of Khao Yai with public transportation from Bangkok, but it could take up to 5-6 hours. The reason is; Buses depart from Mo Chit Bus Station which can take a bit of effort and time to get to, particularly during the rush hours. Once at the bus station, it takes a bit of time to purchase tickets and wait until the bus departs. Once reached Pak Chong, songthaews departs towards Khao Yai once an hour, but only when there are enough passengers, means another long wait could be ahead. Once reached north of Khao Yai, there are no public transportation options into the park. Add to that, not all hotels are along the road of songthaews reach, many can’t be walked to.
Get around in the park
It is not possible to enter the park by foot from the checkpoint. The visitor center is around 14 km further in and other popular attractions are much further inside the park. Good to know that even when reaching the visitor center area, the distances between popular attractions are too big to walk between. It is possible to hitchhike if there is enough traffic.
As of Nov 2019, there are still some 20 bicycles to rent from the visitor center but only 10 functional. The bikes won’t be available to rent if there is too much traffic inside the park. Generally the parks get too busy in week-ends and long holidays.
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| พบที่ เขาใหญ่ |
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| Khaoyai np 14July2025 |
พิศวงกะตอยภาคใต้
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| จันทบุรี 05/07/25 |
พืชล้มลุกกินซาก สูงได้ถึง 8 ซม. ใบรูปใบหอกแกมรูปไข่ ยาว 1.5–3 มม. มี 1–5 ดอก ใบประดับคล้ายใบรูปลิ่มแคบ ยาวประมาณ 5 มม. หลอดกลีบสีเหลืองอมส้ม รูปถ้วย ยาว 0.7–1.2 ซม. กลีบรวมสีเหลือง กลีบวงนอกรูปรีเกือบกลม ยาว 1.5–2 มม. กลีบวงในเรียวแคบเป็นรยางค์รูปเส้นด้าย ยาว 1.4–2.2 ซม. วงสันนูนหนา ก้านเกสรเพศผู้แผ่กว้าง แกนอับเรณูแบนกว้างรูปสี่เหลี่ยม มีรยางค์คล้ายปีก ขอบที่โคนจัก 2 พู
พบที่ศรีลังกา และภาคใต้ของไทยที่ระนอง และพังงา ขึ้นใต้ร่มเงาในป่าดิบชื้นความสูงระดับต่ำ ๆ ล่าสุดพบที่ภาคตะวันออกที่จังหวัดจันทบุรีซึ่งมีสภาพอากาศใกล้เคียงกับจังหวัดทางภาคใต้มากที่สุด แต่ อยู่ในพื้นที่ชุมชนซึ่งก็มีความเสียงที่จะถูกคุกคามจากคนมากที่สุด
Sri Phang Nga National Park, in Phang Nga province, covers an area of 246 square kilometres, stretching along a range of hills parallel to the Andaman Sea coast. Most of the national park is moist evergreen forest and the low altitude of the region gives birdwatchers a great opportunity to search for some of the difficult to find species from southern Thailand. Sri Phang Nga is a pleasant place to stay with some good birding along the access track, along with a number of short trails into the forest and a nice place for those wanting to spend a day or two in some good quality southern forest. Additionally, this location is a good place to relax amongst attractive surroundings, with some nice views across the forest from the well-kept campsite.
Sri Phang Nga's close proximity to Khao Sok National Park,
Khao Lak and Kuraburi (the departure point for Ko Surin) mean that it is an ideal location to spend a few days at if visiting any of these areas.
13.Thismia javanica J.J.Sm.
พิศวงชวา
Thismia javanica J.J.Sm.: A. Habit; B. Flowering and fruiting plant; C. Oblique view of flower and young fruits, with outer surface of ovary; D. Top view of flower and the hexagonal annulus; E. Longitudinal section of floral tube showing stamens with each stamen has 3-toothed at the apex and each tooth is terminated by a hair; F. Portion of supraconnective showing 3 teeth and hairs on apex; G. Stigma. All photos from Tagane et al. Z59. Photos by P. Phonepaseuth (A-D), and T.B. Vuong (E-G).
#Thismia #javanica is an achlorophyllous herb and it is a new record from Peninsular Malaysia. It can grow up to 12 cm tall. It is distributed in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. This herb species was proposed to be a Critically Endangered species in Peninsular Malaysia because it is only found in one locality and threatened by selective logging activities (Siti Munirah & Dome, 2019).
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| จาก อช ทะเลบัน 31/07/25 |
พิศวงชวาชนิดดอกขาว
Si Phan nga np. 30/07/25
หน่วยพิทักษ์อุทยานแห่งชาติ คุรอด เป็นหน่วยงานย่อยของกรมอุทยานแห่งชาติ สัตว์ป่า และพันธุ์พืช ที่ทำหน้าที่ดูแลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติในเขตอำเภอคุระบุรี จังหวัดพังงา. โดยทั่วไปแล้ว หน่วยพิทักษ์อุทยานฯ จะมีหน้าที่ในการลาดตระเวน ควบคุมดูแลพื้นที่อุทยานฯ ป้องกันการกระทำผิดกฎหมาย เช่น การล่าสัตว์ การตัดไม้ การบุกรุกพื้นที่ รวมถึงการให้บริการข้อมูลและอำนวยความสะดวกแก่นักท่องเที่ยวที่เข้ามาในพื้นที่.
สำหรับพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติในอำเภอคุระบุรี ได้แก่ อุทยานแห่งชาติหมู่เกาะสุรินทร์ ซึ่งเป็นที่ตั้งของหน่วยพิทักษ์อุทยานแห่งชาติหลายแห่ง. หน่วยพิทักษ์อุทยานฯ เหล่านี้มีบทบาทสำคัญในการดูแลรักษาความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพและทรัพยากรธรรมชาติในพื้นที่ รวมถึงการอำนวยความสะดวกและดูแลความปลอดภัยของนักท่องเที่ยวที่มาเยือน.
14.Thismia lacerata
Khao Yai National Park
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| เขาใหญ่ 14/07/25 |
16.Thismia nigricans
Chantanaorr. & Sridith
พิศวงดอกดำ
First published in Phytotaxa 217: 294 (2015)This species is acceptedThe native range of this species is Thailand. It is a holomycotrophic rhizomatous geophyte and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.
A–F. Thismia nigricans Chantanaorr. & Sridith: A–B. Habit, C–D. Flowers, E. Longitudinal section of flower, F. Fruit. G–JT angustimitra Chantanaorr.: G. Habit, H–I. Longitudinal section of flowers, J. Top view of miter. K–MT mirabilis K. Larsen: K. Habit, L. Longitudinal section of flower, M. Top view of miter. All photos by S. Chantanaorrapint.
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| Phang Nga, September 23 |
17.Thismia obtusa
(Thismia cladestiana) new species, previously identified incorrectly.
18.Thismia sridithiana
19. Thismia submucronata (Thismiaceae) Devil's Eye พิศวงตาปีศาจ
• A New Species from Mainland Southeast Asia
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| Noi Guinnett: Phu Hin Rong Kla, May 2025 |
Visit Phu Hin Rong Kla this rainy season for misty mornings, waterfalls, and vibrant wildflowers in full bloom amid cool, lush forest scenery.
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| น้ำตกร่มเกล้าภราดร อช.ภูหินร่องกล้า มิย.25 The rainy season is also the ideal time to explore the park’s renowned waterfalls, including Man Daeng Waterfall, Romklao Waterfall, and Huai Khamuen Noi Waterfall. Man Daeng Waterfall, in particular, is famous for its 32 tiers, though only nine are currently accessible. |
20. Thismia cf.sumatrana
(T. clavigera (Becc.) F.Muell.) พิศวงตะรุเตา (เดิมระบุชนิดผิด )
• A New Species from West Sumatra, Indonesia, with Discussions on the Taxonomic Identity of Thismia clavigera
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 21. Thismia thaithongianaพิศวงตานกฮูก • A New Species of Mycoheterotroph (Dioscoreaceae: Thismieae)from An Unusual Habitat in Thailand |
‘Owl’s Eye’: Thailand’s oddest flower set for rare appearance
| One of the rarest and strangest-looking plants in Thailand is about to poke its head above the soil for its annual appearance in a remote forest on the eastern border with Myanmar. |
The Thismia thaithongiana was discovered growing on the slopes of Doi Hua Mot, Umphang Wildlife Sanctuary, Tak Province in 2018.
Tourists and botanists are now scouring the sanctuary’s forest floor to catch sight of this bizarre owl-shaped plant, which glows green and goes by the Thai name of Phisawong Thaithong or Phisawong Owl’s Eye.
It is only found under or near dwarf date palms, which host the fungus on which it depends.
T. thaithongiana spends most of the year underground as a rhizome, sending up a tiny stem around 2 millimetres long at the end of the rains. The tip of this stem blooms into one of nature’s most peculiar-looking flowers, appearing either singly or, occasionally, in pairs or clusters.
The flower consists of six green petals, or tepals, arranged in two distinct rings. The outer ring contains three independent tepals with horn-like appendages at the tips, while the inner ring features three fused tepals with similar horn-like structures, giving the flower a unique cap-like appearance.
22.Thismia viridistriata Sochor, Hroneš & Dančák
First published in Pl. Syst. Evol. 304: 714 (2018)This species is acceptedThe native range of this species is Borneo (Sarawak). It is a holomycotrophic rhizomatous geophyte and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.
Thismia viridistriata: a, b two different morphotypes; c plant with typical green-striped ovary; d detail view of floral inner structure—stigma, vertical ribs on perianth tube and longitudinal section of connective tube; e outer-bottom view of stamens; f section of connective tube; g top of mitre; h example of the species’ habitat diversity—a plant growing on a bare vertical rock (a, c from Sochor et al. BOR3/17; b, f, g from Sochor et al. BOR7/17; d, h from Sochor et al. BOR23/17; e from Sochor et al. BOR11/17)
23.Thisimia sp.พิศวงทะเลบัน
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| Thale Ban National Park 31/07/25 |
24.Thismia sp.
พิศวงภูลังกา (พิศวงนาคี)
ภูลังกา สิงหาคม 24
Phu Langka National Park
Phu Laen Kha National Park (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติภูแลนคา) is a national park in Thailand with a total area of 125,312.50 rai (about 200.50 km2) covering Amphoe Kaset Sombun, Amphoe Nong Bua Daeng, Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum and Amphoe Ban Khwao of Chaiyaphum Province in northeastern region. Phu Laen Kha is the 180th national park of Thailand. It is an area consists of complicated mountains and plateaus approx 200 (656 ft) to 725 m (2378 ft) above the sea level. There are many unique and beautiful places include interesting viewpoints. There is also hiking and camping in the area and also many other tourist attractions to see and explore.[1] The best time to visit is between May and December.In addition, visitors can continue to travel from here to another three national parks nearby in Chaiyaphum, namely Pa Hin Ngam, Sai Thong and Tat Ton.
Phu Laen Kha National Park (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติภูแลนคา) is a national park in Thailand with a total area of 125,312.50 rai (about 200.50 km2) covering Amphoe Kaset Sombun, Amphoe Nong Bua Daeng, Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum and Amphoe Ban Khwao of Chaiyaphum Province in northeastern region. Phu Laen Kha is the 180th national park of Thailand. It is an area consists of complicated mountains and plateaus approx 200 (656 ft) to 725 m (2378 ft) above the sea level. There are many unique and beautiful places include interesting viewpoints. There is also hiking and camping in the area and also many other tourist attractions to see and explore.[1] The best time to visit is between May and December.
In addition, visitors can continue to travel from here to another three national parks nearby in Chaiyaphum, namely Pa Hin Ngam, Sai Thong and Tat Ton.
25.Thismia sp.
(พิศวงนาคา)
Naka Cave, or Naga Cave, is one of the many wonders in Thailand. Often described as the ‘Snake Cave of Thailand’, Naka Cave owes its name to its snake-like rocks and formations. Because of its unique structure, there are many myths surrounding its history and how the cave came to be. Interestingly, the Naga (and Nagi) are serpent-like mythical creatures significant in several South Asian and Southeast Asian cultures.
Moreover, this is also a place of religious significance. In the past several years, Naka Cave has become a major magnet for tourists.
The nearest big city is Bueng Kan, the border post city on the country’s border with Laos.
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| ภูลังกา ตค 24 |
Nakee Cave, located in Phu Langka National Park, Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand, is renowned for its unique rock formations that resemble serpent scales and a stone resembling a snake's head, deeply intertwined with local beliefs about the mythical Naga. The cave is accessible via a 1.5 to 2-hour hike through lush greenery, offering visitors breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. Along the trail, visitors can explore three stunning waterfalls-Tatpho, Phasawan, and Saingam-and enjoy panoramic views of the Mekong River and the mountains of Laos. The area is also home to other natural attractions, including the Tat Kham Waterfall, known for its multi-level cascades and serene environment. The park provides volunteer guides to assist visitors during the hike, enhancing the experience with insights into the area's natural and cultural significance.
26. Thismia sp.(พิศวงศรีพังงา)
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| น้ำตกสวนใหม่ อช.ศรีพังงา 29/07/25 |
Phang Nga province is renowned for its rich natural attractions, offering some of the most pristine and beautiful locations in Thailand. Among these is the hidden gem of Sri Phang Nga National Park, a less-visited treasure. While some tourists may have explored its wonders, it still remains relatively unknown. If you’re a nature lover looking to explore a scenic, educational experience, here’s why Sri Phang Nga National Park should be on your travel list. 
Phang Nga province is renowned for its rich natural attractions, offering some of the most pristine and beautiful locations in Thailand. Among these is the hidden gem of Sri Phang Nga National Park, a less-visited treasure. While some tourists may have explored its wonders, it still remains relatively unknown. If you’re a nature lover looking to explore a scenic, educational experience, here’s why Sri Phang Nga National Park should be on your travel list.
About Sri Phang Nga National Park
Sri Phang Nga National Park is one of the five national parks established as part of the project to honor His Majesty King Bhumibol. This park spans across Kuraburi and Takua Pa districts in Phang Nga province, covering around 153,800 rai (approximately 246.08 square kilometers). The park is known for its lush, thriving forests that serve as vital watersheds, home to diverse wildlife, and boasts beautiful natural highlights, such as waterfalls and cliffs.
Popular Activities for Visitors
Visitors to Sri Phang Nga National Park can enjoy hiking through lush forest trails, take in panoramic views from towering cliffs, swim in crystal-clear waterfalls where fish, like the Mahseer barb, swim freely, and observe rare wildlife that thrives in this preserved ecosystem.
Rare Wildlife in Sri Phang Nga
Thanks to the park’s abundant biodiversity, rare wildlife can be found here, including species like gaur bulls, tapirs, serows, sambar deer, wild boars, helmeted hornbills, Assam macaques, and Oriental honey buzzards. Although these rare creatures are present, visitors need not worry, as park rangers closely monitor the area to ensure everyone’s safety while exploring the natural trails.
Must-Visit Spots in Sri Phang Nga National P
- Tam Nang Waterfall: A favorite among visitors, Tam Nang Waterfall features a large, clear pool at the base of a 60-meter-high rocky cliff. Not only can you swim in its refreshing waters, but you’ll also be surrounded by nature as you watch schools of Mahseer barb fish swim by.
- Ton Deng Waterfall: This smaller waterfall is located along the park’s nature trails, making it an ideal spot to stop, enjoy the view, and perhaps catch a glimpse of the unique wildlife that calls this area home.
- Suan Mai Waterfall: Though still part of the park, Suan Mai Waterfall is situated near Ranong province, beyond Kuraburi district. This stunning three-tiered waterfall is another scenic spot where visitors can take a refreshing dip.
27.Thismia sp.
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| ทุ่งใหญ่ฯฝั่งตะวันตก oct 23 |
28.Thismia sp.
พิศวงชนิดใหม่ ลำคลองงู
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| อช ลำคลองงู กาญ พย 22 |
29. Thismia sp.
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| Khao Nam Khang np. 03/07/25 |
The area is 132,500 rai or 212 square kilometres (82 sq mi). Its name "Khao Nam Khang" means "dew mountain". Khao Nam Kham stands 648 metres (2,126 ft) above mean sea level and is the origin of many streams that empty to local area. Most of the area is a tropical rainforest. The park's logo is a tapir.
Flora
The flora of plants that can be found here are Hopea odorata, champak, Parashorea stellata, Homalium tomentosum, Cynometra iripa, Dipterocarpus turbinatus, Salacca wallichiana, including mosses, ferns, and various types of orchids, etc.
30.Thismia perlisensis
(Thismiaceae), a new red-annulus Thismia species from Naratiwat Thailand.
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| อช.บูโด-สุไหงปาดี 04/08/25 |
Budo - Su-ngai Padi National Park
In the past, the forest areas of Thueakkhao Bu Do Forest and Thueakkhao Su ngai Padi Forest were a gathering place for protestors and terrorists that were known as the "Pulo group" and the "Budo group." The insurgency was suppressed, and the the area is now peaceful and safe. The condition of the forests is still beautiful so in 1974, the Royal Forest Department established the Namtok Pa Cho Forest Park, which is inside the forest of Thueakkhao Bu Do, and in 1976, Namtok Chat Warin Forest Park, which is in the Thueak Khao Su Ngai Padi Forest. The forest parks are under the supervision of the Pattani Regional Forest Office.
When His Majesty visited the people in the area of Su-Ngai Padi and Rangae District, he made a speech on September 7, 1981, “The Su-ngai Padi Mountain Range, at 1,800 feet, is the highest mountain range in Narathiwat Province. There is water vapor that causes the water source to be humid and have three streams. . As a result, the water source should be seriously preserved.” where the Watershed Conservation Division inspected and reported that, The forest area of the Su-ngai Padi Mountain Range is in very good condition. It is surrounded by beautiful nature and should be established as a national park.
The Royal Forest Department issued order 740/2525 letter dated June 1, 1982, which stated that Mr. Samphan Midewan should conduct a preliminary survey, which has been reported in the book Ko So. 0713 (Kho Po)/Special
On September 11, 1983, the Su-Ngai Padi Mountain range in Su-Ngai Kolok District, Narathiwat Province was deemed suitable for national park status.
Later, the National Park Division received a letter from the Southern Provincial Border Administrative Center Mo Tho 1501/1955, dated September 2, 1983, and a letter from the Pattani Regional Forest Office Ko So 0714 (Po No)/1689, dated September 8, 1983. The note, dated September 8, 1983, suggests that the Budo Mountain range area in Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat Province has fertile forest conditions and abundant wildlife so Regional Forest had issued order 222/2526. This stated that Mr. Aphai Yongstar, forest official 4, and Mr. Suthon Chansawang, Forestry Officer No. 2 should conduct a preliminary survey in order to establish a national park.
Thismia perlisensis, found during a scientific expedition in the Perlis State Park, is described and illustrated.
The new species was discovered in a wetland forest on a limestone foothill. Morphological description, photographic data
including habitat, and a key to the species of the Thismia Sect. Thismia Subsect. Brunonithismia recorded from Malaysia are
provided. The new species is easily distinguished from the similar species, T. arachnites, T. javanica, T. tentaculata, and T.
kenyirensis by the prominent reddish dome-shaped annulus instead of ring-like with rim, deeply trilobed stigma with bifid
and subulate lobes, and claviform apices of the inner tepals
As of June 2024, Plants of the World Onlinerecognises 108 species in this genus, as follows:[2]
- Thismia abei (Akasawa) Hatus.
- Thismia acuminata Hrones, Dancák & Sochor
- Thismia alba Holttum ex Jonker
- Thismia americana N.Pfeiff.
- Thismia andicola Aguilar-Cano, S.Guzm.-Guzm. & Lopera-Toro
- Thismia angustimitra Chantanaorr.
- Thismia annamensis K.Larsen & Aver.
- Thismia appendiculata Schltr.
- Thismia arachnites Ridl.
- Thismia aseroe Becc.
- Thismia aurantiaca Hareesh & M.Sabu
- Thismia belumensis Siti-Munirah & Suhaimi-Miloko
- Thismia betung-kerihunensis Tsukaya & H.Okada
- Thismia bifida M.Hotta
- Thismia bokorensis Suetsugu & Tsukaya
- Thismia breviappendiculata Nob.Tanaka
- Thismia brunneomitra Hrones, Kobrlová & Dancák
- Thismia brunneomitroides Suetsugu & Tsukaya
- Thismia brunonis Griff.
- Thismia bryndonii Tsukaya, Suetsugu & Suleiman
- Thismia calcarata D.F.Silva, Honório & J.M.A.Braga
- Thismia caudata Maas & H.Maas
- Thismia chrysops Ridl.
- Thismia clandestina (Blume) Miq.
- Thismia clavarioides K.R.Thiele
- Thismia claviformis Chantanaorr. & J.Wai
- Thismia clavigera (Becc.) F.Muell.
- Thismia clavigeroides Chantanaorr. & Seelanan
- Thismia cordata D.F.Silva & J.M.A.Braga
- Thismia cornuta Hrones, Sochor & Dancák
- Thismia coronata Hrones, Dancák & Sochor
- Thismia crocea (Becc.) J.J.Sm.
- Thismia domei Siti-Munirah
- Thismia episcopalis (Becc.) F.Muell.
- Thismia espirito-santensis Brade
- Thismia filiformis Chantanaorr.
- Thismia fumida Ridl.
- Thismia fungiformis (Taub. ex Warm.) Maas & H.Maas
- Thismia gardneriana Hook.f. ex Thwaites
- Thismia gigantea (Jonker) Hroneš
- Thismia glaziovii Poulsen
- Thismia gongshanensis Hong Qing Li & Y.K.Bi
- Thismia goodii Kiew
- Thismia grandiflora Ridl.
- Thismia guangdongensis Xiao J.Li, A.Liu & D.X.Zhang
- Thismia hawkesii W.E.Cooper
- Thismia hexagona Dančák, Hroneš, Kobrlová & Sochor
- Thismia hongkongensis Mar & R.M.K.Saunders
- Thismia huangii P.Y.Jiang & T.H.Hsieh
- Thismia hyalina (Miers) Benth. & Hook.f. ex F.Muell.
- Thismia iguassuensis (Miers) Warm.
- Thismia inconspicua Sochor & Dancák
- Thismia janeirensis Warm.
- Thismia javanica J.J.Sm.
- Thismia jianfenglingensis Han Xu, H.J.Yang & S.Q.Fang
- Thismia kelabitiana Dančák, Hroneš & Sochor
- Thismia kelantanensis Siti-Munirah
- Thismia kenyirensis Siti-Munirah & Dome
- Thismia kinabaluensis T.Nishioka & Suetsugu
- Thismia kobensis Suetsugu
- Thismia labiata J.J.Sm.
- Thismia laevis Sochor, Dancák & Hrones
- Thismia lanternata W.E.Cooper
- Thismia latiffiana Siti-Munirah & Dome
- Thismia lauriana Jarvie
- Thismia limkokthayi Siti-Munirah & E.Chan
- Thismia luetzelburgii Goebel & Suess.
- Thismia macahensis (Miers) F.Muell.
- Thismia mantiqueirensis Engels & E.C.Smidt
- Thismia megalongensis C.A.Hunt, G.Steenbee. & V.Merckx
- Thismia melanomitra Maas & H.Maas
- Thismia minutissima Dančák, Hroneš & Sochor
- Thismia mirabilis K.Larsen
- Thismia mucronata Nuraliev
- Thismia mullerensis Tsukaya & H.Okada
- Thismia neptunis Becc.
- Thismia nigra Dančák, Hroneš & Sochor
- Thismia nigricans Chantanaorr. & Sridith
- Thismia nigricoronata Kumar & S.W.Gale
- Thismia okhaensis Luu, Tich, G.Tran & Dinh
- Thismia ophiuris Becc.
- Thismia ornata Dančák, Hroneš & Sochor
- Thismia pallida Hrones, Dancák & Rejzek
- Thismia panamensis (Standl.) Jonker
- Thismia paradisiaca S.Guzm.-Guzm.
- Thismia petasiformis D.F.Silva & J.M.A.Braga
- Thismia prataensis Mancinelli, C.T.Blum & E.C.Smidt
- Thismia pseudomelanomitra D.F.Silva & J.M.A.Braga
- Thismia puberula Nuraliev
- Thismia racemosa Ridl.
- Thismia ribeiroi Engels, D.F.Silva & Soares-Lopes
- Thismia rodwayi F.Muell.
- Thismia sahyadrica Sujanapal, Robi & Dantas
- Thismia saulensis H.Maas & Maas
- Thismia singeri (de la Sota) Maas & H.Maas
- Thismia sitimeriamiae Siti-Munirah, Dome & Thorogood
- Thismia submucronata Chantanaorr., Tetsana & Tripetch
- Thismia sumatrana Suetsugu & Tsukaya
- Thismia taiwanensis Sheng Z.Yang, R.M.K.Saunders & C.J.Hsu
- Thismia tectipora Cowie
- Thismia tentaculata K.Larsen & Aver.
- Thismia terengganuensis Siti-Munirah
- Thismia thaithongiana Chantanaorr. & Suddee
- Thismia tuberculata Hatus.
- Thismia variabilis D.F.Silva, Honório & J.M.A.Braga
- Thismia violacea D.F.Silva & J.M.A.Braga
- Thismia viridistriata Sochor, Hrones & Dancák
- Thismia yorkensis Cribb
References
- Griffith, William (1844). "On the root parasites referred by authors to Rhizantheae and their allies". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London. 1 (23): 221. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- " Thismia Griff" . Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . 2024 . Retrieved 21 June 2024 .
- " Thismia Griff" . Global Biodiversity Information Facility . 2024 . Retrieved 21 June 2024 .
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