Middletonia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae. It includes five species native to Asia, ranging from the eastern Himalayas through Indochina to Peninsular Malaysia and southern China.
Gesneriaceae, the gesneriad family, is a family of flowering plants consisting of about 152 genera and ca. 3,540 species in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World (almost all Didymocarpoideae) and the New World (most Gesnerioideae), with a very small number extending to temperate areas. Many species have colorful and showy flowers and are cultivated as ornamental plants.
Most species are herbaceousperennials or subshrubs but a few are woody shrubs or small trees. The phyllotaxy is usually opposite and decussate, but leaves have a spiral or alternate arrangement in some groups. As with other members of the Lamialesthe flowers have a (usually) zygomorphic corolla whose petals are fused into a tube and there is no one character that separates a gesneriad from any other member of Lamiales.[4]Gesneriads differ from related families of the Lamiales in having an unusual inflorescence structure, the "pair-flowered cyme", but some gesneriads lack this characteristic, and some other Lamiales (Calceolariaceae and some Scrophulariaceae) share it. The ovary can be superior, half-inferior or fully inferior, and the fruit a dry or fleshy capsule or a berry. The seeds are always small and numerous. Gesneriaceae have traditionally been separated from Scrophulariaceae by having a unilocular rather than bilocular ovary, with parietal rather than axile placentation.
From about 1997 onwards, molecular phylogenetic studies led to extensive changes in the classification of the family Gesneriaceae and its genera, many of which have been re-circumscribed or synonymized. New species are still being discovered, particularly in Asia, and may further change generic boundaries. A consensus phylogeny used to build classifications of the family in 2013 and 2020 is shown below (to the level of tribes). The family Calceolariaceae is shown as the sister to Gesneriaceae.
Paraboea are a genus of flowering plants in the African violet family Gesneriaceae, native to southern China (including Taiwan and Hainan), Assam, Indochina, and Malesia. They were recircumscribed from Boea in 2016.
Twenty species of Paraboea from Thailand
ABSTRACT. Twenty new species of Paraboea are described from Thailand: Paraboea arachnoidea Triboun, Paraboea axillaris Triboun, Paraboea bhumiboliana Triboun & Chuchan, Paraboea doitungensis Triboun & D.J.Middleton, Paraboea eburnea Triboun, Paraboea insularis Triboun, Paraboea lavandulodora Triboun, Paraboea monticola Triboun & D.J.Middleton, Paraboea nana Triboun & Dongkumfu, Paraboea nobilis Triboun & D.J.Middleton, Paraboea peninsularis Triboun & D.J.Middleton, Paraboea phanomensis Triboun & D.J.Middleton, Paraboea quercifolia Triboun, Paraboea rosea Triboun, Paraboea sangwaniae Triboun, Paraboea siamensis Triboun, Paraboea takensis Triboun, Paraboea tenuicalyx Triboun, Paraboea vachareea Triboun & Sonsupab and Paraboea xylocaulis Triboun. Full descriptions and conservation assessments are provided for all taxa.
individuals.Notes. Paraboea arachnoidea is most similar to another new species Paraboea rosea Triboun in its large overall size, the leaves in a rosette, the dense covering of arachnoid hairs on most parts and the dense owers, but it differs in the denser covering of arachnoid hairs on the leaves, elliptic leaves, longer peduncles (18–26 cm long in P. arachnoidea, 10–15 cm in P. rosea), violet corollas and shorter capsules (0.8–1 cm in P. arachnoidea, 1–1.9 cm in P. rosea).
Puglisi, C., Middleton, D. J., Triboun, P. & Möller, M. 2011. New insights into the relationships between Paraboea, Trisepalum and Phylloboea (Gesneriaceae) and their taxonomic consequences. Taxon 60(6): 1693–1702.
Distribution: Pen Thailand: Songkhla (Ton Ngachang). Status: + VU
Paraboea elegans (Ridl.) B. L. Burtt
บริพัตรใหญ่
Paraboea elegans (Ridl.) B. L. Burtt is a species of flowering plant in the Gesneriaceae family. It is native to Peninsular Malaysia and southern Thailand. The plant is typically found in evergreen forests, often growing on granite bedrock in deep shade. It is characterized by its erect stem, which can reach up to 20cm in height, and its climbing habit on rocks. The species was first published in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41: 428 (1984).
The native range of this species is Peninsula Malaysia. It grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.
Paraboea patens (Ridl.) B. L. Burtt
บริรักษ์
The native range of this species is Peninsula Thailand. It grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.
Boe" refers to the genus Boeica, which belongs to the plant family Gesneriaceae. Gesneriaceae is a large family of flowering plants, commonly known as the gesneriad family, and is primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions. Boeica species are typically characterized by their pubescent (hairy) leaves and inflorescences, and their flowers have a short corolla tube and bilabiate (two-lipped) corolla
The genus Dorcoceras Bunge in Thailand is revised. There are four species, including two new species, Dorcoceras brunneum C.Puglisi and Dorcoceras glabrum C.Puglisi. A key, descriptions, and proposed IUCN assessments are presented.
Dorcoceras geoffrayi (Pellegr.) C.Puglisi. A. Habit; B. Habit; C. Flower, front view; D. Fruit; E. Flower, side view. Photos of Middleton et al. 5658 (A), Middleton et al. 5835 (B) and Middleton et al. 5833 (C-E). All photos by Preecha Karaket.
🔵 Boe clarkeana Hemsl.
ชาฤๅษี
Damrongia clarkeana, previously known as Boea clarkeana or Dorcoceras clarkeanum, is a species of flowering plant in the family Gesneriaceae. This species is native to Thailand and has been a subject of interest in the fields of botany and horticulture due to its unique characteristics and potential applications.
Damrongia clarkeana is characterized by its distinctive floral morphology and growth habits. It is a perennial plant that thrives in shaded, humid environments, typically found in the tropical forests of Thailand. The plant's leaves are often large and elliptical, with flowers that are blue or purple in color, depending on the stage of development . Understanding the habitat preferences and ecological niches of D. clarkeana is crucial for conservation efforts and potential cultivation.
🔵 Dorcocerus brunneum C.Pugsiri
Dorcoceras brunneum C.Puglisi. A. Habit; B. Flower, front view; C. Flower, side view. Photos of Middleton et al. 5883 by Preecha Karaket (A, C) and David Middleton (B).
Ornithoboea
Ornithoboea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae. Ornithoboea are perennial herbs, with stems curved at base. Leaves are opposite, often (slightly) anisophyllous. Distribution is from southern China southward to the northern part of the Malay Peninsula (China, Malaysia, east Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam).
The plants grow on rocks, in shaded, humid places and some (possibly all) species are confined to limestone.
A few species, in particular O. arachnoidea (S. China, N. Thailand), are remarkable for the extraordinary similarity of the flowers to orchid flowers.
Codonoboea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae. It includes 129 species which range from Myanmar and Thailand through northern Malesia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Sulawesi, the Philippines, and Maluku) to New Guinea. Many of its species were formerly placed in the genus Henckelia.
A revision of Codonoboea (Gesneriaceae: Didymocarpoideae) in Thailand
D.J. Middleton
Singapore Botanic Gardens, National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore 259569, Singapore davidmiddletonsing@gmail.com
ABSTRACT. The genus Codonoboea Ridl. (Gesneriaceae: Didymocarpoideae: Trichosporeae: Didymocarpinae) is revised for Thailand. Thirteen species are recognised, one of which, Codonoboea poopathii D.J.Middleton, is new to science and three of which, C. dawnii (Kiew) Kiew, C. oreophila Kiew ex C.L.Lim and C. urticoides (A.Weber) Kiew, are new records for Thailand. Didymocarpus reptans Jack is neotypified; D. hispidus Ridl. var. selangorensis Ridl., D. inaequalis Ridl., D. rugosus Ridl. and D. urticifolius Ridl. are lectotypified; and D. hispidus Ridl.
Microchirita is a genus of flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae, subfamily Didymocarpoideae.It contains 48 species native to tropical Asia, ranging from the Indian subcontinent to Indochina, southern China, Malaysia and Thailand
Weber, A.; Middleton, D.J.; Clark, J.L. & Möller, M. (2020), "Keys to the infrafamilial taxa and genera of Gesneriaceae", Rheedea, 30 (1): 5–47, doi:10.22244/rheedea.2020.30.01.02
Most similar to Microchirita limbata C.Puglisi in the overall shape of the corolla and in colour, but differs in not having a glandular indumentum and in the much longer corolla and larger calyx. – TYPE: Thailand, Loei, Pha Khao, ..., 447 m, 5 November 2014,
Similar to Microchirita involucrata (Craib) Yin Z.Wang and M. rupestris (Ridl.) A.Weber & Rafidah) in having bracteate inflorescences. Differs from both in the bracts being fused only at the base (i.e. not divided as in Microchirita involucrata and not fused into a cup as in M. rupestris), in the dimorphic indumentum of sparse, long eglandular hairs and dense short glandular hairs on the leaf (eglandular indumentum in M. involucrata and M. rupestris), and in the tripartite calyx. It differs further from Microchirita involucrata in the serrate margin of the bracts and from M. rupestris in the much smaller size of the bracts. – TYPE: Thailand, Nan, Song Kwaw, Sakoen, Khao Tham Plakang, 750 m, 3 September 2006, Watthana, S. 2126 (holotype QBG; isotype CMU).
Epithemais a genus of plants in the family Gesneriaceae and subfamilyDidymocarpoideae. Species range from western tropical Africa to Uganda, tropical and subtropical Asia, and New Guinea.
Epithema tenue C.B.Clarke. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence. C. Calyx. D. Flower opened out. E. Stigma lateral view. F. Fruit showing seeds, placenta and operculum. G. Seeds. Scale bars: A = 10 cm; B = 5 mm; C, F = 3 mm; D = 6 mm; E = 1 mm; G = 0.5 mm. Drawn by Claire Banks from Letouzy 7722 (A, B), Letouzy 13973 (D, E) and Sita 2886 (C, F, G).
20 species are accepted.
Epithema benthamiiC.B.Clarke/Central Malesia to W. New Guinea.
Epithema carnosumBenth./Himalaya to E. India and S. China to Indo-China
Epithema ceylanicumGardner / เลย หินผางาม
Epithema dolichopodumHilliard & B.L.Burtt/Borneo (Sabah) to Philippines (Palawan).
Epithema horsfieldii(R.Br.) DC./Jawa to Sulawesi.
Epithema involucratum(Roxb.) B.L.Burtt/Central & S. Malesia
Epithema longipetiolatum(Merr.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt/Sulawesi to W. New Guinea
Epithema longitubumHilliard & B.L.Burtt/Lesser Sunda Islands (Flores, Timor)
Epithema tenueC.B.Clarke/W. Tropical Africa to Uganda and N. Angola.
มีรายงานในไทยแล้ว 3 ชนิด
🔵 Epithema carnosumBenth./
Native to:
Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicobar Is., Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya Indo-China
🔵 Epithema ceylanicum Gardner
Native to:
Andaman Is., Cambodia, India, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam
หูหมีศรีลังกา
พืชล้มลุกในวงศ์ชาฤๅษี (Gesneriaceae) จากสวนหินผางาม จังหวัดเลย มักพบขึ้นตามเขาหินปูน (ขอขอบคุณข้อมูล Dr. David Middleton)
Five new species of Didymocarpus are described from Thailand: Didymocarpusbrevicalyx Nangngam & D.J.Middleton, Didymocarpus formosus Nangngam & D.J.Middleton, Didymocarpus kasinii Nangngam & D.J.Middleton, Didymocarpus pauciflorus Nangngam & D.J.Middleton and Didymocarpus tribounii Nangngam & D.J.Middleton. Full descriptions, distributions, ecology, phenology and colour plates are provided for all taxa.
🔴DidymocarpusbrevicalyxNangngam & D.J.Middleton
🔴Didymocarpus formosusNangngam & D.J.Middleton
🔴Didymocarpus kasinii
Nangngam & D.J.Middleton
🔴Didymocarpus pauciflorusNangngam & D.J.Middleton
กระดิ่งดอกเล็ก
พืชอิงอาศัยหายากจากป่าดิบเขาอุ้มผาง
พืชอิงอาศัยบนเปลือกต้นไม้ใหญ่ ลำต้นสั้น ใบเรียงตรงข้าม 2-3 คู่ ใบที่อยู่ตรงข้ามกันมักมีขนาดไม่เท่ากัน พบบ้างที่เรียงเป็นวงรอบ 3 ใบ ที่โคนต้น ช่อดอกออกที่ปลายยอด มีดอกจำนวนน้อย (pauciflorus = few-flowered inflorescence) ดอกสีชมพูอ่อน แฉกกลีบดอก 3 กลีบล่าง มีเส้นสีแดงกลางแฉกกลีบด้านใน กระดิ่งดอกเล็กเป็นพรรณไม้ถิ่นเดียวของไทย (endemic) พรรณไม้ต้นแบบ D. J. Middleton, P. Karaket, S. Suddee & P. Triboun 5272 เก็บจากอุทยานแห่งชาติเขาแหลม กาญจนบุรี
ทีมสำรวจพรรณไม้อุ้มผาง
เอกสารอ้างอิง:
Nangngam, P. & Middleton, D. J. 2014. Five new species of Didymocarpus (Gesneriaceae) from Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 42: 35–42.
ตัวอย่างต้นแบบ Unknown collector 93 เป็นตัวอย่างที่ได้จากการเพาะเมล็ดที่ส่งไปที่แอเบอร์ดีนโดยหมอคาร์ ซึ่งออกดอกในเดือนตุลาคม ปี 1925 โดยในเอกสารตีพิมพ์ครังแรกได้ระบุไว้ว่า plant from Thailand cultivated in Aberdeen from seeds received from Dr. A.F.G. Kerr which flowered in Aberdeen in October 1925 ในอดีตมีพรรณไม้หลายชนิดที่ถูกตีพิมพ์เป็นชนิดใหม่จากต้นที่ได้จากการเพาะเมล็ด บางครั้งไม่ได้เก็บเมล็ดมาโดยตรงจากต้นนั้น ๆ แต่เมล็ดได้ติดมากับต้นอื่น ๆ ที่นำมาปลูกลงกระถาง เมื่อต้นไม้โตขึ้นนักพฤกษศาสตร์ก็ไม่ได้ถอนทิ้ง ปล่อยให้เจริญเติบโต ออกดอก ออกผล จนทราบว่าเป็นชนิดใหม่ มีหลายชนิดได้จากกระถางต้นไม้ของหมอคาร์
Henckelia species are found in Thailand, particularly in northern Thailand. Five new species, including H. amplexifolia, H. nakianensis, and H. dasycalyx, were described from Thailand, with H. dasycalyx being from Northern Thailand. The genus as a whole is found in various regions, including Sri Lanka, southern and northeastern India, Nepal, Bhutan, southern China, northern Laos, northern Vietnam, and northern Thailand.
Henckelia nakianensis Sirim., J. Parn. & Hodk.: A-B. Habit; C. Upper leaf surface; D. Lower leaf surface; E. Inflorescence; F-G. Flowers; H. Gynoecium; I. Anthers; J. Fruits. Photographs: A-B., E. & G. by Wittaya Pongamornkul; C-D., F. & H-J. by Sukontip Sirimongkol.
เศวตบาลา
🔵Henckelia crinita (Jack) Spreng.
แตรบาลา
🔵Henckelia filicalyx B.L.Burtt
ไอกระดิง
🔵Henckelia inaequalis (Ridl.) A.Weber
ล้านเต่า สาวบาลา
🔵Henckelia platypus (C.B.Clarke) A.Weber
จรกา
🔵Henckelia reptans (Jack) Spreng.
ม่วงบาลา
🔵Henckelia rugosa (Ridl.) A.Weber
Aeschynanthus ไก่แดง
Aeschynanthus is a genus of about 150 species of evergreensubtropical and tropicalplants in the family Gesneriaceae. They are usually trailing epiphytes with brightly colored flowers that are pollinated by sunbirds. The genus name comes from a contraction of aischuno (to be ashamed) and anthos (flower).[2] The common name for some species is lipstick plant, which comes from the appearance of the developing buds emerging from the calyces. A full list of the accepted species and their synonyms can be found in the Smithsonian Institution's World Checklist of Gesneriaceae.
พิศชมพู ชมพูพัชราภา
🟣Aeschynanthus gracilis C. S. P. Parish ex C. B. Clarke
Epiphytic with hanging stems, most parts villose; leaves to 3.5 cm long; inflorescence 1-flowered; calyx lobes free to base; corolla pink, 2–3 cm long; lower lobe 0.5–1 cm, recurved; anterior filaments ca 2 cm long; style sparsely glandular pubescent; capsule 9–15 cm; seeds ca 1 mm, with 1 appendage hair at both ends, ca 2 cm long.
Dist. India, Nepal, Bhutan, Banghladesh, S China, Myanmar, N Vietnam and SW Thailand (Kanchanaburi), in mixed deciduous and dry evergreen forests, to 200 m.
กาฝากก่อตาหมู
🟣Aeschynanthus mannii Kurz
Location : Lurh tlang, Mizoram near Myanmar border
ไก่กุ่น
🟣Aeschynanthus fecundus P.Woods
Epiphytic shrub, glabrous; leaves 2–8.5 cm long; inflorescencesessile, 1–2-flowered; calyx lobes free to base, lobes narrow; corolla green-yellow below, darker at apex, lobes red to red-brown, 1.5–2 cm long, tufted pubescent inside at base, lateral lobes not recurved, lower lobe 1.3–2.3 mm; anterior filaments 0.8–1 cm long; style sparsely glandular pubescent; capsule 3.5–11 cm; seeds 2–2.5 mm; apical appendage 1, 2–2.8 mm long; hilar appendages 11–18, 1.2–1.5 cm long
Dist. Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand (Ranong) in evergreen forest at low altitudes.
ไก่เขา
🟣Aeschynanthus superbus C. B. Clarke
The native range of this species is Bhutan to China (W. & SE. Yunnan) and Indo-China. It is an epiphytic or lithophytic chamaephyte and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.
Epiphytic shrub, glabrous; leaves 3.5–13 cm long; inflorescence2–5-flowered, peduncle 0.8–4.5 cm; calyx lobes free to base, recurved; corolla green-yellow, 1.5–2.5 cm long, glandular hairs inside at base, lateral lobes recurved, lower lobe 5–9 mm, recurved; anterior filaments 2.5–4 cm long; style glabrous; capsule 10–22 cm; seeds 0.7–1.4 mm, with 1 appendage hair at both ends, ca 3 mm long.
Dist. India, S China, Taiwan, Myanmar and Vietnam. In Thailand recorded from northern, northeastern, southwesternาง and upper peninsular in dry evergreen and evergreen forest, 100–1,300 m.
เอื้องหงอนไก่
🟣Aeschynanthus fulgens Wall. ex R. Br.
Epiphytic shrub, globrous; leaves 4–17 cm long; inflorescence sessile,up to 16 flowers;calyx lobes united, variable; corolla red-orange, 4–7 cm long, outside pubescent, inside sparsely pubescent, lower lobe 0.5–1.4 cm, recurved; anterior filaments 2.5–5 cm long; style glabrous to glandular pubescent; capsule 16–42 cm; seeds 0.8–2 mm, with 1 appendage hair at both ends, apiclal one 1.5–2.5 mm long, hilar appendage 1.4–3.5 cm long.
Dist. Myanmar, S China, Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia and most parts of Thailand in dry evergreen, montane and evergreen forests, to 1,350 m.
🟣Aeschynanthus garrettii Craib
Epiphytic shrub, glabrous with papery ridges, more or less purple; leaves to 7 cm long; inflorescencesessile, 1-flowered; calyx lobes free to base, lobes oblong to linear; corolla red-orange, 3–4 cm long, glandular pubescent inside at base; lower lobe 5.5–7.5 mm, recurved; anterior filaments 2.7–3 cm long; style glabrous; capsule 6.5–11.5 cm; seeds 1–1.3 mm, with 1 short and stout appendage hair at both ends, ca 1 mm long.
Dist. Endemic to Thailand, known only from Chiang Mai in montane forest, Hala Bala 1,500–2,500 m.
🟣Aeschynanthus humilis Hemsl.
Aeschynanthus humilis Hemsl. Epiphytic, sparsely pubescent on most parts; leaves 1–5 cm long;inflorescence 1–4-flowered;calyx lobes united at base; corolla red, 1.5–2.8 cm long; lower lobe 2.5–6.5 mm, slightly spreading; anterior filaments 2.2–2.5 cm long;style sparsely glandular pubescent; capsule 3.7–11 cm; seeds 1.6–2.3 mm, with 1 appendage hair at both ends, ca 1.4 cm long.
Dist. S China and Laos, in Thailand recorded from Nan, Phitsanulok and Loei, in Montain forest, 1,000–1,650 m.
ย่านไก่แดง
🟣Aeschynanthus pulcher (Blume) G. Don
Epiphytic shrub, pendulose, glabrous; leaves 2.2–12 cm long; inflorescence sessile, 1-flowered, often paired; calyx lobes free tobase, lobes narrow; corolla red-orange with dark lines above, pubescent, 2–3.2 cm long; lower lobe 2.7–6 mm, not spreading or recurved; anterior filaments 2–3 cm long; style glandular pubescent; capsule 19–25 cm; seeds 1–1.5 mm, warty; apical appendage hair 1, 1–3.8 cm long, hilar appendages 2, 1.5–3 cm long.
Dist. S China and Myanmar, in Thailand recorded from Chiang Mai, Mae Hong Son, Lampang and Khao Yai, in montane forest, Hala bala to 2,100 m.
ไก่ย่าน
🟣Aeschynanthus longiflorus (Blume) A. DC.
Epiphytic shrub, glabrous; leaves 3.7–17.5 cm long; inflorescence sessile, 2–5-flowered; bracteoles linear; calyx lobes free to base; lobes narrow, to 2 cm long; corolla red, cream inside, 4–9 cm long; lower lobe 6–12 mm, snot spreading or recurved; anterior filaments 3–5 cm long; style glandular pubescent to papillose or sparsely; capsule 20–57 cm; seeds 1–1.8 mm, with 1 appendage hair at both ends, 1.5–2.4 cm long.
Dist. Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java and peninsular Thailand (Nakhon Sri Thammarat, Yala), in evergreen forest, 200–1,000 m.
นมเมียหิน มะดาอาปี
🟣Aeschynanthus longicaulis Wall. ex R. Br.
Epiphytic shrub, pendulose, glabrous; leaves 6.5–12 cm long with marbled paler venation; inflorescence sessile, 1–3-flowered; calyx lobes free tobase; corolla yellow-green with with flushes of orange, purple or brown, 2–3 cm long, with tufted hairs inside near base; lower lobe 2.5–5.8 mm, not spreading or recurved; anterior filaments 2.3–2.7 cm long; style glandular pubescent; capsule 6–37 cm; seeds 1.6–2.2 mm; apical appendage hair 1, ca 2.23 cm long, hilar appendages several, 1–2.5 cm long.
ฮาลา บาลา
Dist. Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia, SW and peninsular Thailand, in dry evergreen and evergreen forests, to ca 900 m.
🟣Aeschynanthus membranifolius (Costantin) D. J. Middleton
Epiphytic shrub, pendulose, glabrous; leaves 3–12 cm long, pale green to reddish-green beneath, marbles; inflorescence sesile 1-flowered; calyx lobes united at base, lobes narrow; corolla yellow-green with red stripes in tube, tufted inside near to base, 2.5–3 cm long; lower lobe 3–5 mm, not spreading or recurved; anterior filaments 2–2.8 cm long; style glandular pubescent; capsule 18–22 cm; seeds ca 1.8 mm, warty, apical appendage hair 1, ca 1 cm long; hilar appendages ca 30, ca 2 cm long, appendages papillose.
Dist. Lower Laos, S Vietnam and SE Thailand (Sa Kaeo, Rayong, Chon Buri), in evergreen forest, 100–1,500 m.
🟣Aeschynanthus minutifolius D. J. Middleton
Epiphytic shrub, stem creeping with roots, sparsely puberulent; leaves thin, 1–4 cm long, apex rounded; inflorescence sesile 1-flowered; calyx lobes free to base, lobes narrow; flowers ca 2.5 cm long; lower lobe ca 7.5 mm, recurved, densely puberulent outside; anterior filaments ca 2 cm long; style glabrous; capsule not seen.
Dist. Endemic to Thailand, once recorded from Tak.
🟣Aeschynanthus parviflorus (D. Don) Spreng.
Epiphytic shrub, pendulose, glabrous; leaves 3.5–20 cm long; inflorescence sesile, 1–7-flowered, bracteoles linear; calyx lobes united up to the middle, lobes narrow, 2–8.5 mm long; corolla red-orange, reddish hairy, with dark lines inside, 2.5–3.8 cm long; lower lobe 3.5–6.5 mm, not spreading or recurved; anterior filaments 1.7–3 cm long; style glabrous to glandular pubescent; capsule 16–38 cm; seeds 0.7–1.3 mm, sparsely warty, apical appendage hair 1, 1–3.5 cm long; hilar appendages 2, 1–2.7 cm long, appendages papillose.
Dist. India, Nepal, Bhutan, S China, Myanmar and most parts of Thailand except in the northeast, in dry evergreen and montane forests, 650–2,100 m.
🟣Aeschynanthus persimilis Craib
Epiphytic shrub, sparsely to densely pubescent; leaves 0.7–5.3 cm long; inflorescence subsessile, 1–10-flowered; bracteoles linear; calyx lobes united near to base; lobes narrow, 1.5–3 cm long; corolla red-orange with dark lines inside, 2.4–3.8 cm long; lower lobe 3.5–6 mm, not spreading or recurved; anterior filaments 2.6–3.4 cm long; style glabrous or sparsely glandular pubescent; capsule 4–10.5 cm; seeds 1.6–2 mm, with 1 appendage hair at both ends, apical one 1.9–2.3 cm long; a hilar appendage 1.2–2 cm long, appendages papillose.
Dist. Endemic to N Thailand, in pine forest to 2,000 m.
🟣Aeschynanthus pulcher (Blume) G. Don
Epiphytic shrub, stem rooting, glabrous to sparsely pubescent; leaves 1–6 cm long, often purple; inflorescence sessile or with peduncle to 1 cm, 1–2-flowered; calyx lobes united near to apex, 1–3 cm long, shortly lobes or nearly truncate apex; corolla red-orange, pubescent outside, 4–6.5 cm long; lower lobe 3.5–6 mm, spreading or not; anterior filaments 3–4.5 cm long; style densely pubescent; capsule 20–40 cm; seeds 0.6–1 mm, with 1 appendage hair at both ends, apical one 7–8 mm long; a hilar appendage 6–9 cm long.
Dist. Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java and lower peninsular Thailand (Yala, Pattani, Narathiwat), in evergreen and montane forests, to 2,000 m.
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🟣Aeschynanthus rhododendron Ridl.
Hala bala
Epiphytic shrub, erect, glabrous; leaves 2–13 cm long; inflorescence sessile, 1–2-flowered; bracteoles linear; calyx lobes united above the middle, 1.5–6.5 cm long; corolla red, with dark pathches inside, 5.4–10 cm long; lower lobe 1–2 cm, spreading or recurved; stamens included, anterior filaments 3.2–4 cm long; style glabrous; capsule 10–22 cm; seeds 0.8–1.5 mm, with 1 short and stout appendage hair at both ends, ca 1 mm long.
Dist. Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and lower peninsular Thailand (Yala), in montane forest, 1,400–1,550 m.
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🟣Aeschynanthus lineatus Craib
ทิ้งทองหู ทิ้งทองหู,นมเมีย
🟣Aeschynanthus radicans Jack
Epiphytic shrub, sparsely pubescent; leaves broad elliptic, 1–5 cm long, pubescent beneath; inflorescence sessile or peduncle short, mostly 1-flowered or to 3-flowered; calyx lobes united above the middle, 1.3–2 cm long; corolla red, with yellow pathches inside, pubescent, 4.7–5.8 cm long; lower lobe 7–10 mm, slightly spreading or not; anterior filaments 2.2–2.4 cm long; style densely puberulent; capsule 19–35 cm; seeds 0.8–0.9 mm, with 1 appendage hair at both ends, apical one 7–8 mm long; a hilar appendage 6–8 cm long.
Dist. Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo and peninsular Thailand, in evergreen forest, 100–900 m.
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🟣Aeschynanthus hosseusii Pellegr.
Epiphytic shrub, pendulose, glabrous; leaves 3.5–17 cm long; inflorescence sessile, 1–5-flowered; calyx lobes united at base; corolla red with dark lines, 5.2–6.2 cm long; lower lobe 6.5–11 mm, not recurved; anterior filaments ca 3 cm long; style glandular pubescent; capsule 25–50 cm; seeds ca 1 mm, apical appendage hair 1, 1.4–2.3 cm long, hilar appendages 2, 1.3–2.2 cm long.
Dist. Endemic to N Thailand, recorded from Chiang Mai, Lampang, Tak and Phitsanulok, in dry evergreen and montane forests, 800–1,700 m.
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🟣Aeschynanthus andersonii C. B. Clarke
Aeschynanthus andersonii C. B. Clarke ว่านไก่แดง
Epiphytic shrub, pubescent; leaves 0.5–4 cm long; inflorescence1–7-flowered, peduncle 0.8–1 cm; calyx lobes free to base; corolla red-orange, 1.8–2.5 cm long, pubescent inside at base,lateral lobes recurved, lower lobe 7–8 mm; anterior filaments 1.2–2.4 cm long; style glandular pubescent; capsule 3.8–10 cm; seeds 1.5–2 mm, with 1 appendage hair at both ends, 1.5–2.5 mm long.
Dist. Myanmar, S China and northern Thailand (Chiang Mai, Mae Hong Son) in montane forest, 1,400–1,900 m.
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🟣Aeschynanthus speciosus Hook.
Epiphytic shrub, pendulose, glabrous; leaves in whorls of 3–6, 3.8–15 cm long; inflorescence sessile, 1–4-flowered; calyx lobes free to base, 6–2.3 cm long; corolla red-orange, with dark lines inside, 5.5–12 cm long; lower lobe 0.7–1.5 cm, spreading; anterior filaments to 4 cm long; style glandular pubescent; capsule 20–45 cm; seeds 0.9–1.3 mm, warty; with 1 appendage hair at both ends, 1.5–2.2 mm long.
Dist. Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo and peninsular Thailand (Trang, Pattani, Narathiwat), open areas to 1,200 m.
🟣Aeschynanthus superbus C. B. Clarke
Epiphytic shrub, pendulose, glabrous; leaves 8–22 cm long; inflorescence, 5–15-flowered, peduncle 1–4 cm; calyx lobes free to base, 1.4–4 cm long; corolla red, with dark lines,5.5–8.5 cm long; lower lobe 1–1.6 cm, spreading and recurved; anterior filaments 3.7–4 cm long; style glandular pubescent; capsule 32–50 cm; seeds 0.8–1 mm, warty; with 1 appendage hair at both ends, 4.5–7.5 mm long.
Dist. India, Bhutan, S China, upper Myanmar and N Thailand (Chiang Mai, Nan), in montane forest, 900–1,700 m.
The genus name of Kaisupeea is in honour of Supee Saksuwan Larsen (b. 1939) and her husband Kai Larsen (1926–2012), a Danish botanist. it was first described and published in Nordic J. Bot. Vol.21 on page 116 in 2001.
The native range of this species is Myanmar. It grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.
🔴Kaisupeea cyanea B. L. Burtt
แก้วไกรลาศดอกม่วง
🔴Kaisupeea sp.
แก้วไกรลาสดอกม่วง Kaisupeea sp. (Gesneriaceae) พืชวงศ์ชาฤๅษีขึ้นบนหินปูน ป่าดิบชื้นพังงา ชื่อสกุลตั้งเพื่อเป็นเกียรติแก่ Prof. Kai Larsen และภรรยาชาวไทย อาจารย์ Supee Saksuwan Larsen ซึ่งท่านทั้งสองได้ทำการศึกษาและตีพิมพ์ผลงานเกี่ยวกับพรรณไม้ไทยเป็นจำนวนมาก Prof. Kai Larsen ยังเป็นอีกผู้หนึ่งที่ร่วมก่อตั้งโครงการพรรณพฤกษชาติประเทศไทย (Flora of Thailand)
: ทีมสำรวจพรรณไม้ภาคใต้l
🔴Kaisupeea orthocarpa B. L. Burtt
แก้วไกรลาศน้อย
Petrocosmea
Petrocosmea is a genus of the family Gesneriaceae, the African violet family. Many of the species within this genus are endemic to high-elevation areas in Western China,[2]although some are native to other parts of Asia. including north-central and southern China, Indochina, and the eastern Himalayas.It is a rosette-forming genus that generally grows on wet mossy rocks or forests.
The genus name of Somrania is in honour of Somran Suddee (fl. 1998),a Thai plant collector and botanist who worked at the Forest Herbarium inBangkokin Thailand.It was first described and published in Thai Forest Bull., Bot. Vol.40 on page 10 in 2012.
Middleton, D.J. and Triboun, P. (2012). Somrania, a new genus of Gesneriaceae from Thailand. Thai For. Bull. (Bot.) 40: 9-13. 2012.
🟠Somrania flavida D. J. Middleton & Triboun
ปรัศว์สมราน
A new species ofSomrania(Gesneriaceae) from Thailand
Authors: Middleton, David J.; Triboun, Pramote
Publication: Gardens' Bulletin Singapore
Year: 2013
Genera: Somrania
Abstract
The new species Somrania flavida D.J.Middleton & Triboun, from Khao Sok National Park in Surat Thani Province, Thailand, is described. It is the third species in this genus which is restricted to karst limestone habitats in Thailand. A key to the species of Somrania is provided.
Its native range is Thailand to western Malesia. It is found in Borneo, Malaya and Thailand.[1]
The genus name of Ridleyandra is in honour of Henry Nicholas Ridley (1855–1956), an English botanist, geologist and naturalist who lived much of his life in Singapore. He was instrumental in promoting rubber trees in the Malay Peninsula.[2] It was first described and published in Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen Vol.70 on page 171 (written in 1997–1998) publ. 1998
Ridleyandra flammea (Ridl.) A. Weber
แดงสุริยา
ภาพจากหนังสือ "พรรณไม้ในป่าฮาลา-บาลา"
Ridleyandra latisepala (Ridl.) A.Weber
ปรกธรณี
Hala bala
Tetraphyllum
Tetraphyllum is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae. As of April 2021, there was no consensus as to whether the correct scientific name for the genus is Tetraphyllum or Tetraphylloides, some sources using the former and some the latter.
The best-known species, Sinningia speciosa, was originally introduced in cultivation as Gloxinia speciosa and is still commonly known to gardeners and in the horticultural trade as "gloxinia", although this is now considered incorrect. The true genus Gloxinia is distinguished by having scaly rhizomes rather than tubers.
The species can be difficult to identify because they are highly polymorphic and because they readily hybridize with each other.The plants may be small herbs, vines, shrubs, epiphytes, or trees. The genus is characterized in part by having two stamens, and most species have white flowers, with a few red-, orange-, yellow-, and pink-flowered species known. Almost all species live in rainforesthabitats.
Damrongia is a genus of flowering plants in the Gesneriad family, centered in Thailand and found in southern China, Southeast Asia, and Sumatra. Species were reassigned to it in 2016 in a revision of Loxocarpinae.
Damrongia fulva (Barnett) D. J. Middleton & A. Weber
Nematanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae. All of its species are endemic to Brazil.Compared to other gesneriads, Nematanthus has leaves that are small, succulent, and hard-surfaced. The plant has a trailing, branching, and spreading habit; it is generally an epiphyte in nature and a hanging-basket plant in cultivation. The flower has fused petals. In some species, the flower has a "pouch" at the bottom. The fancied resemblance of such flowers to a goldfish gives these plants the common name goldfish plant or guppy plant.
Chrysothemis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae. It includes nine species native to the tropical Americas, ranging from southern Mexico and Cuba through Central America and northern South America to central Brazi
Chrysothemis pulchella (Donn ex Sims) Decne
ระฆังทอง
Monophyllaea
Monophyllaea is a genus of plants in the family Gesneriaceae.All the species only have one leaf.
Monophyllaea species are perennial or annual monocarpic herbs (they flower once and then die). The (usually) single stem is fleshy, and most often bears a large single leaf. This is a “macrocotyledon”, the enlarged form of one of the two original cotyledons emerging from the seed. Some species are occasionally caulescent with 3-4 leaves. It is distributed widely in Malesia (from Sumatra to New Guinea and from S. Thailand and Luzon to Java), and grows predominantly on limestone rocks, in shady forests, at cave entrances and below rocks.
With regard to its unifoliate habit (the macrocotyledon reaching a length of 1m in some species) and inflorescence architecture, Monophyllaea is one of the most peculiar genera of Gesneriaceae. Of particular interest is M. singularis(Borneo), with the flowers emerging from the stem, technically the “hypocotyl”, and the midrib of the single leaf/macrocotyldedon (Weber 1987, 1990, Imaichi & al. 2001). In three species (M. caulescens, M. ramosa and M. elongata), several leaves are produced which copy the macrocotyledon in size and shape.
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